民用航空发动机维修工程分析平台设计与实现

随着国产民用大飞机的研制和应用,民用航空发动机的研制和应用需求也逐步显现。为了提高国内民用航空发动机的派遣可靠性,需要对其维修工程服务产品进行专业分析,并通过信息化、规范化的方法促进其维修工程服务产品的发展和应用。首先,研究民用航空发动机维修工程分析的技术应用和行业发展,基于发动机维修工程分析和相关标准规范明确平台的核心模块功能和开发需求;在此基础上,开发发动机维修工程分析平台,并通过实际操作测试平台的各项功能;最后,以发动机燃控系统为例验证该平台的可操作性。结果表明：发动机维修工程分析平台各项功能正常、流程完善、数据合理,为后期设计优化和工程迭代工作奠定了重要的数据基础。     

多语言混合编程的民用飞机航材预测与配置平台

合理采购并在多个航站之间合理配置航材数量对于民用飞机的经济运行十分重要,而航材预测与配置研究形成的理论算法内容相对复杂。为推动这些算法程序能够有效投入工程应用,基于 Java 语言,并整合Matlab、Python 语言编写的算法程序,开发多语言混合编程的民用飞机航材预测与配置平台。首先,介绍平台中集成的航材预测与配置的支持向量机算法和边际分析算法,并叙述混合编程的实现方式;然后,阐述平台设计的详细内容,并对混合编程的实现方式及不同程序语言间参数类型的转换方法进行说明;最后,运用实际工程数据对平台的功能进行使用测试。结果表明：平台的人机界面友好、操作简便,较好地实现了航材预测与航材配置功能,能够为相关理论算法通过平台技术满足工程需要提供借鉴和思路。     

基于3RRS-Bricard复合空间捕获系统运动学分析

面向跨尺度、目标多样化的空间捕获任务,融合Bricard和3RRS机构的折展特性和几何特点对复合捕获系统运动学进行了分析。基于捕获系统的自由度和构型特点分析,通过构建Bricard与3RRS间的转换关系实现了捕获系统各机构间的运动学解耦。根据六棱柱模型,引入Bricard虚拟顶点,设计了面向复合空间捕获系统的运动学求解方法。在仿真环境下搭建捕获系统的运动学和动力学模型,并开展针对动态捕获目标的轨迹跟随实验。通过与基于闭环约束的阻尼最小二乘法（DLS）对比,验证了该运动学求解算法的有效性和先进性。实验结果表明,捕获系统可实现平稳的协同控制,运动过程中位置跟随精度优于4 mm,姿态精度优于0.035 rad。     

航天器自主导航状态估计方法研究综述

自主导航是航天器自主运行的核心关键技术。状态估计是实现航天器自主导航的核心手段,是指实时确定航天器在轨位置、速度和姿态等导航参数,是航天器自主导航技术的重点发展方向之一。首先,针对航天器自主导航的实际需求,阐述了研究航天器自主导航状态估计方法的必要性,具体从导航系统可观测性分析、导航滤波算法、导航系统误差补偿3个方面介绍了航天器自主导航状态估计方法的研究现状;然后,分析并总结状态估计方法在航天器自主导航系统中的实际应用;最后,结合理论研究和实际应用,给出了状态估计方法目前存在的主要问题并对其后续发展进行了展望。     

Influence of leading edge with real manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance of high subsonic compressor cascades

To investigate the influence of real leading-edge manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance of high subsonic compressor blades, a family of leading-edge manufacturing error data were obtained from measured compressor cascades. Considering the limited samples, the leading-edge angle and leading-edge radius distribution forms were evaluated by Shapiro-Wilk test and quantile–quantile plot. Their statistical characteristics provided can be introduced to later related researches. The parameterization design method B-spline and Bezier are adopted to create geometry models with manufacturing error based on leading-edge angle and leading-edge radius. The influence of real manufacturing error is quantified and analyzed by self-developed non-intrusive polynomial chaos and Sobol’ indices. The mechanism of leading-edge manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance is discussed. The results show that the total pressure loss coefficient is sensitive to the leading-edge manufacturing error compared with the static pressure ratio, especially at high incidence. Specifically, manufacturing error of the leading edge will influence the local flow acceleration and subsequently cause fluctuation of the downstream flow. The aerodynamic performance is sensitive to the manufacturing error of leading-edge radius at the design and negative incidences, while it is sensitive to the manufacturing error of leading-edge angle under the operation conditions with high incidences.     

Integration of high-fidelity model of forward variable area bypass injector into zero-dimensional variable cycle engine model

Forward Variable Area Bypass Injector (FVABI) is one of key components which contributes to modulate the cycle parameters of Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) under various operation conditions. The modeling method of zero-dimensional FVABI was reviewed and its deficiency was analyzed based on FVABI flow characteristic. In order to improve the accuracy of VCE performance simulation, the high-fidelity modeling method of FVABI was developed based on its working characteristics. Then it was coupled with the zero-dimensional VCE model and the multi-level VCE model was built. The results indicate that the geometric and aerodynamic parameters can affect the interaction between the two airflows and the zero-dimensional FVABI model is too simple to predict the component performance accurately, especially when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked. Based on the performance curves for single bypass mode and the regression model of multi-scale support vector regression for double bypass mode, the high-fidelity model can predict FVABI performance accurately and rapidly. The integration of high-fidelity FVABI model into zero-dimensional VCE model can be done by adjusting iterative variables and balance equations. The multi-level model has good convergence and it can predict VCE performance when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked.     

机翼对自转旋翼机纵向稳定性的影响

为了研究机翼对自转旋翼机纵向稳定性的影响,针对某复合式自转旋翼机,建立了基于状态空间法描述的非线性全量方程数学模型。该模型包含自转旋翼、机身、螺旋桨、机翼和尾翼的气动模型、动态入流模型和稳定性分析模型。运用该模型对比研究了样例自转旋翼机和样例复合式自转旋翼机的纵向稳定性。研究结果表明：机翼的增加对于浮沉模态和短周期模态稳定性是有利的;对于旋翼转速模态稳定性是不利的,在设计复合式自转旋翼机时可以考虑增加旋翼桨尖配重来提高此模态的稳定性。机翼的纵向位置对自转旋翼机的纵向稳定性有显著影响。在机翼纵向位置能满足配平约束条件下,机翼纵向位置越靠后,迎角稳定性越好,但旋翼转速稳定性越差。在设计复合式自转旋翼机时,机翼纵向位置的选择要综合考虑这两个因素进行折中。     

基于互相关分析的前失速先兆检测分析

针对轴流压气机流动失稳控制中的反馈信号,采用互相关分析方法对前失速先兆信号进行了检测。通过在机匣壁面周向对称布置的动态传感器对压力信号进行检测分析,并在单转子低速轴流压气机上进行了实验研究。实验中分析了不同流量工况时,对称布置动态传感器压力信号互相关系数的变化趋势,并在此基础上对前失速先兆与叶顶间隙泄漏涡非定常性进行了关联性研究;同时也分析了采用叶顶喷气作为控制手段之后,机匣壁面对称布置传感器动态压力信号的互相关系数随着喷气量增加的变化趋势。实验结果表明:互相关检测分析方法能够有效及时地检测到壁面压力锯齿波的破坏程度,有利于提高控制器的响应速度,留给作动机构充足的反应时间。而且叶顶喷气作为控制手段能够提高对称布置传感器动态压力信号的互相关系数,从而实现拓宽稳定裕度的目的。     

k/N（G）结构系统初始备件配置方法

针对现有备件冗余度建模中无限呼叫总体假设不合理、供应可用度计算困难的问题,提出一种k/N（G）结构系统初始备件配置方法。首先,采用有限源排队论获取备件短缺数概率分布。然后,给出计算k/N（G）结构系统供应可用度的方案,并证明了方案的正确性。该方案在计算随机挑选的一套系统未因备件短缺而停机的概率基础上,利用k（或更多）套系统良好的二项分布概率估计系统供应可用度。最后,应用边际分析算法确定各项备件的数量。实例分析表明：该方法能优化k/N（G）结构系统各组成部件的库存数量,且与单项法相比具有明显的优势,能以较少的备件费用达到相同的供应可用度目标。     

Design of nanofluid-cooled heat sink using topology optimization

The paper presented topology optimization of 2D and 3D Nanofluid-Cooled Heat Sink (NCHS). The flow and heat transfer problem in the NCHS was treated as a single-phase nanofluid based convective heat transfer model. The temperature-dependent fluid properties were taken into account in the model due to the strong temperature-dependent features of nanofluids. An average temperature minimum problem was studied subject to the fluid area and energy dissipation constraints by using the density method. In the method, the design variable is updated according to the gradient information obtained by an adjoint based sensitivity analysis process. The effects of the energy dissipation constraint, temperature-dependent fluid properties and nanofluid characteristics on optimal configurations of NCHS were numerically investigated with following conclusions. Firstly, branched flow channels in the optimal configuration increased with the rise of the allowed energy dissipation. Secondly, temperature-dependent fluid properties were significant for obtaining the appropriate optimal results with best cooling performance. Thirdly, heat transfer performances of optimal configurations were enhanced by reducing the nanoparticle diameter or increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction. Fourthly, the optimal configuration for nanofluid had better cooling performance than that for its base fluid.